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Traditional methods of characterizing the size, morphology, reactivity of nanomaterials often only provide static “snapshots” and require an iterative series of measurements for each condition. With Protochips’ machine-vision powered suite of in-situ TEM tools you can utilize the electron microscope as a real-time laboratory to directly observe nucleation and growth, particle-particle interactions and more.

Fusion-Fundamental

Fusion AX: High temperature heating, electrical and electrothermal in vacuum

Visualize the nanoscale processes that control material performance. Observe growth kinetics, degradation mechanisms, grain boundary migrations and more without compromising resolution.

Click here to learn more about our in situ heating and biasing
Fundamental-Atmosphere (2)

Atmosphere AX: Gas and vapor high temperature environment

Explore synthesis mechanisms, surface reactions and the morphological evolutions that affect your materials’ behavior under relevant temperatures, pressures, and gas conditions without sacrificing resolution.

Click here to learn more about our gas cell solution
Fundamental-Poseidon

Poseidon AX: Liquid, electrochemical and liquid heating in situ studies

Follow synthesis mechanisms, observe particle interaction, and elucidate how morphological evolution affect your materials performance in relevant solvents and solutions.

Click here to learn more about our liquid cell solution

Featured Papers

Application Notes

Videos

Watch dynamic behavior of real samples in situ.

Video courtesy Dr. Saso Sturm of the Jozef Stefan Institute. Acquired using the Poseidon Select liquid cell holder with liquid heating capability. More info at www.protochips.com

In Situ Liquid Heating: Inducing Nanoparticle Nucleation

Video courtesy Dr. Saso Sturm of the Jozef Stefan Institute. Acquired using the Poseidon Select liquid cell holder with liquid heating capability. More info at www.protochips.com

Electron beam induced growth of lead nanoparticles from a 40 mM aqueous solution of Pb(NO3)2. Nucleation was induced by the electron beam, and the particles grow via an Oswaldt ripening process followed by second growth stage in which the particles increase uniformly in size. The Oswaldt ripening process is indicated by the red circle. When these nanoparticles are in close proximity to larger nanoparticles, they decrease in size and ultimately disappear, while larger nanoparticles increase in size.

The movie was recorded using FEI Tecnai Biotwin operated at 120 KV and is courtesy of Dr. Albert D. Dukes, III, Lander University and Dr. Deborah Kelly, Virginia Tech.

Poseidon Select Liquid™ In Situ Cell: Lead Nanoparticle Growth in Microwells

Electron beam induced growth of lead nanoparticles from a 40 mM aqueous solution of Pb(NO3)2. Nucleation was induced by the electron beam, and the particles grow via an Oswaldt ripening process followed by second growth stage in which the particles increase uniformly in size. The Oswaldt ripening process is indicated by the red circle. When these nanoparticles are in close proximity to larger nanoparticles, they decrease in size and ultimately disappear, while larger nanoparticles increase in size.

The movie was recorded using FEI Tecnai Biotwin operated at 120 KV and is courtesy of Dr. Albert D. Dukes, III, Lander University and Dr. Deborah Kelly, Virginia Tech.

30 nm gold nanoparticles attracted to the electron beam in a liquid thickness of 150 nm. Images collected using a Philips/FEI CM300FEG TEM at 300 kV. Courtesy of Dr. Kate Klein, National Institute of Standards and Technology. For more information on Poseidon, visit http://bit.ly/protochipsposeidon.

Poseidon Select Liquid™ In Situ Cell: Gold Nanoparticles Interaction with Beam

30 nm gold nanoparticles attracted to the electron beam in a liquid thickness of 150 nm. Images collected using a Philips/FEI CM300FEG TEM at 300 kV. Courtesy of Dr. Kate Klein, National Institute of Standards and Technology. For more information on Poseidon, visit http://bit.ly/protochipsposeidon.

This real-time video shows rapid heating and quenching of micron-sized copper-silver particles in the SEM. The video demonstrates how quickly the Protochips Fusion™ can heat and quench samples, on the order of milliseconds. Take note of the temperature display on the upper left corner of the video. For more information on Fusion, visit www.protochips.com/fusion

Fusion™ In Situ Heating and Electrical Holder: Rapid AgCu Nanoparticle Heat Quench

This real-time video shows rapid heating and quenching of micron-sized copper-silver particles in the SEM. The video demonstrates how quickly the Protochips Fusion™ can heat and quench samples, on the order of milliseconds. Take note of the temperature display on the upper left corner of the video. For more information on Fusion, visit www.protochips.com/fusion

This real-time video shows two gold nanoparticles that are on the surface of larger iron oxide particles at 900° C. At this temperature the gold is very mobile, and the two particles coalesce into one larger nanoparticle. This demonstrates the stability of the Protochips Fusion system at high temperatures. This video was taken on a JEOL ARM200F (200 kV, Cs aberration correction) at JEOL in Akishima, Japan. For more information on Fusion, visit www.protochips.com/fusion

Fusion™ In Situ Heating and Electrical Holder: Au Nanoparticles on FeOx

This real-time video shows two gold nanoparticles that are on the surface of larger iron oxide particles at 900° C. At this temperature the gold is very mobile, and the two particles coalesce into one larger nanoparticle. This demonstrates the stability of the Protochips Fusion system at high temperatures. This video was taken on a JEOL ARM200F (200 kV, Cs aberration correction) at JEOL in Akishima, Japan. For more information on Fusion, visit www.protochips.com/fusion

This real time video shows rapid heating and quenching of micron-sized copper-silver particles in the SEM. The video is real time and demonstrates how quickly the Protochips Fusion™ can heat and quench samples, on the order of milliseconds. Take note of the temperature display on the upper left corner of the video.

Rapid AgCu nanoparticle heat quench

This real time video shows rapid heating and quenching of micron-sized copper-silver particles in the SEM. The video is real time and demonstrates how quickly the Protochips Fusion™ can heat and quench samples, on the order of milliseconds. Take note of the temperature display on the upper left corner of the video.

This workflow explains the procedure for preparing FIB samples onto a MEMS-based E-chip for in situ TEM. FIB sample preparation can be used to prepare a wide variety of materials for TEM or in situ TEM analysis and is a relatively simple technique to learn. For more information, tips and tricks, and sample preparation guides, visit our library of content at www.protochips.com

How to prepare FIB samples for in situ TEM

This workflow explains the procedure for preparing FIB samples onto a MEMS-based E-chip for in situ TEM. FIB sample preparation can be used to prepare a wide variety of materials for TEM or in situ TEM analysis and is a relatively simple technique to learn. For more information, tips and tricks, and sample preparation guides, visit our library of content at www.protochips.com

In Situ Liquid Heating: Inducing Nanoparticle Nucleation

Video courtesy Dr. Saso Sturm of the Jozef Stefan Institute. Acquired using the Poseidon Select liquid cell holder with liquid heating capability. More info at www.protochips.com

Poseidon Select Liquid™ In Situ Cell: Lead Nanoparticle Growth in Microwells

Electron beam induced growth of lead nanoparticles from a 40 mM aqueous solution of Pb(NO3)2. Nucleation was induced by the electron beam, and the particles grow via an Oswaldt ripening process followed by second growth stage in which the particles increase uniformly in size. The Oswaldt ripening process is indicated by the red circle. When these nanoparticles are in close proximity to larger nanoparticles, they decrease in size and ultimately disappear, while larger nanoparticles increase in size.

The movie was recorded using FEI Tecnai Biotwin operated at 120 KV and is courtesy of Dr. Albert D. Dukes, III, Lander University and Dr. Deborah Kelly, Virginia Tech.

Poseidon Select Liquid™ In Situ Cell: Gold Nanoparticles Interaction with Beam

30 nm gold nanoparticles attracted to the electron beam in a liquid thickness of 150 nm. Images collected using a Philips/FEI CM300FEG TEM at 300 kV. Courtesy of Dr. Kate Klein, National Institute of Standards and Technology. For more information on Poseidon, visit http://bit.ly/protochipsposeidon.

Fusion™ In Situ Heating and Electrical Holder: Rapid AgCu Nanoparticle Heat Quench

This real-time video shows rapid heating and quenching of micron-sized copper-silver particles in the SEM. The video demonstrates how quickly the Protochips Fusion™ can heat and quench samples, on the order of milliseconds. Take note of the temperature display on the upper left corner of the video. For more information on Fusion, visit www.protochips.com/fusion

Fusion™ In Situ Heating and Electrical Holder: Au Nanoparticles on FeOx

This real-time video shows two gold nanoparticles that are on the surface of larger iron oxide particles at 900° C. At this temperature the gold is very mobile, and the two particles coalesce into one larger nanoparticle. This demonstrates the stability of the Protochips Fusion system at high temperatures. This video was taken on a JEOL ARM200F (200 kV, Cs aberration correction) at JEOL in Akishima, Japan. For more information on Fusion, visit www.protochips.com/fusion

Rapid AgCu nanoparticle heat quench

This real time video shows rapid heating and quenching of micron-sized copper-silver particles in the SEM. The video is real time and demonstrates how quickly the Protochips Fusion™ can heat and quench samples, on the order of milliseconds. Take note of the temperature display on the upper left corner of the video.

How to prepare FIB samples for in situ TEM

This workflow explains the procedure for preparing FIB samples onto a MEMS-based E-chip for in situ TEM. FIB sample preparation can be used to prepare a wide variety of materials for TEM or in situ TEM analysis and is a relatively simple technique to learn. For more information, tips and tricks, and sample preparation guides, visit our library of content at www.protochips.com

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